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LGBTQIA+

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LGBTQIA+ is an acronym for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning, Intersex, Asexual/Aromantic[1]/Agender,[2] plus additional subsects.[1] It is an inclusive term used to unite a population of people who have a wide array of gender identities and sexual orientations that differ from heterosexual and cisgender.[1][3] LGBTQ, LGBTQ+, LGBT, and GLBT are also used for similar meanings.[4] QUILTBAG is an alternative with additional meanings for each letter.[5] Acronyms such as 2SLGBTQ+ or LGBT2SQQIA* additionally highlight indigenous Two-Spirit people.[6]

Community

L: Lesbian

Main article: Lesbian

The L stands for lesbian.[1] Lesbian is a sexual orientation[7][8] or romantic orientation[8] most often defined as a woman who is attracted to other women, with many variations in definitions.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Although lesbians are frequently defined as women who are attracted to women exclusively/solely,[9][10][13] they are also defined as women attracted to women primarily/mainly.[7][10][13] Some prefer to use or additionally use "gay" or "gay woman" as an identifier.[17]

Lesbians have debated who shares their identity and is part of the lesbian community for over a century.[18] They have variously been defined based on sexual attractions, romantic attractions,[7][9][10][11][17] sexual behaviors,[7] or self-identifying with the label.[19] For instance, women who self-identify as both bisexual and lesbian[note 1] would not be included in a definition that specifies lesbians are only oriented toward women, but would be in a broader definition that encompasses other labels.[9][13][19] Definitions also vary in whether or not they use expanded language regarding gender with phrasing that explicitly includes people who do not identify only as women, such as non-binary people[17][21] who are woman-aligned[17] or feel a connection to womanhood, or genderqueer people who feel a connection to womanhood.[21]

Lesbians may be cisgender or transgender;[9][22][23] since gender is a separate concept from sexual orientation, someone may be both trans and lesbian.[note 2][9][22] Based upon their assigned gender at birth and attraction to women, and prior to realizing their gender identity and transitioning, some trans women (assigned male at birth) formerly identify as straight and some trans men (assigned female at birth) as lesbian. Trans women attracted to women may subsequently understand themselves as lesbian women. As lesbian communities tend to be more accepting of masculine and gender non-conforming people who were assigned female at birth than straight communities, trans men often initially identify as lesbians before transitioning; however, this does not mean that all butch or otherwise masculine lesbians are transgender. Depending on individual circumstances, some trans men maintain their lesbian identities and community involvement as men.[24]

Certain lesbians have used the label to describe their gender in addition to their attractions.[25] In the Gender Census, an annual online international survey of people who do not strictly identify with the gender binary, participants indicated their personal identifiers; the item "lesbian (partially or completely in relation to gender)" was selected by 12.9% of the participants in 2021[26] and 13.8% in 2022.[27]

G: Gay

Main article: Gay

The G stands for gay.[1] Gay is an adjective referring to those with an enduring physical, romantic, and/or emotional attraction to people of the same gender.[28] This is most commonly associated with gay men,[29] as a gay woman may prefer to use the term "lesbian" instead.[4][30] Queer and bisexual are also among the terms used for those who are attracted to members of the same gender.[31] In a broader sense of the word, gay can also be used as an umbrella term to identify any LGBTQIA+ individual,[32] though some note that doing so excludes other sexual orientations and gender identities and should thus be avoided.[33]

"Gay" as an identity is defined by the attraction and self-identification as such rather than having had any sexual experience with people of the same gender.[34] Thus, having had sexual intercourse with someone of the same gender does not make anyone gay by definition. There is not just one way to experience same-sex attraction, nor is there a set period in life for a person to discover that they experience it. While some may know that they experience same-sex attraction from a young age, it can take others decades to figure it out or be comfortable enough with their identity to acknowledge it to themselves and others.[35]

Being gay is also referred to as "homosexuality" and thus forms the counterpart of "heterosexuality", the sexual attraction to individuals of the opposite gender.[36] However, controversy has arisen surrounding the use of the word "homosexuals" to refer to gay people, as it has been considered an outdated term that is derogatory and offensive to many lesbian and gay people due to its usage by anti-LGBTQIA+ individuals to imply that gay people are somehow diseased or psychologically/emotionally disordered.[4]

B: Bisexual

Main article: Bisexual

The B stands for bisexual.[1] Bisexual, also abbreviated as bi, is a sexual orientation encompassing attraction to multiple genders and/or sexes,[37][38][39][1][40][41] with the attraction being sexual, romantic, and/or emotional.[41] Bisexuality is not limited to the gender binary, but it is often misunderstood as that.[39] The term does not have a single, universal definition or strict rules as to who may identify as bisexual. The many definitions include the following:

  • Attraction to women and men,[37][38] sometimes phrased as "both sexes"[37]
  • Attraction to people of the same gender as one's self and to people of other genders[38][39]
  • Attraction to more than one gender[38][1][40][41] or more than one sex[41]
  • Attraction to two genders[39][1]
  • Attraction to all genders[40]
  • Or definitions may be based on engagement in romantic or sexual relationships instead of attractions[41]

Bisexuals may experience attraction regardless of gender[40] or regardless of sex,[37] feel equally attracted to the genders they are attracted to,[1] or may have a preference for and be primarily or more strongly attracted to one (or more) gender compared to the other(s).[37][1] Some bisexuals are attracted to different genders in different ways.[37][1] Others feel attracted to one gender or sex at some times and not others.[37]

T: Transgender

Main article: Transgender

The T stands for transgender.[1] Transgender, often shortened to trans, is an umbrella term that describes an individual whose gender identity differs from their assigned gender at birth (AGAB).[42] Infants are assigned a sex based on the appearance of their external genitalia,[42][43] usually only on that basis,[43] and that assignment is recorded on their birth certificate.[42] The birth assignment—generally defaulting to assigned male at birth (AMAB) or assigned female at birth (AFAB)—assumes that the individual's gender identity will correspond to their assigned sex.[43] A person's gender identity—their sense of gender—usually develops when they are very young. The realization that their gender is different from what they were assigned can occur as early as three years old or in childhood prior to the onset of puberty. It may also happen later in life.[44]

Transgender people can be binary[note 3] or non-binary[note 4]. Some transgender individuals may experience at least one form of gender dysphoria during their life, usually manifesting as an intense distress with their assigned gender. However, not all transgender people experience gender dysphoria. Conversely, some transgender individuals may experience what is known as gender euphoria, a term used to describe a "positive and exciting feeling of one's gendered self".[45] Transgender people might transition socially and/or physically from their assigned gender to their actual gender identity.[44]

Q: Queer (or Questioning)

Main articles: Queer and Questioning

The Q most often means Queer but can also stand for Questioning.[4][1]

Queer is an identifier for individuals who are not exclusively heterosexual in their sexual orientation,[4] who use it in reference to their gender identity and/or gender expression (as a standalone term or part of another like genderqueer),[46][47] or who are fluid in their identities, as well as an umbrella term for the entire community.[34] It is also used instead of lesbian, bisexual, or gay by some people who find those terms too limiting or loaded with connotations that do not apply to them.[46] As a reclaimed word, it has been used in fights for LGBTQIA+ rights and liberation[48] as an inclusive and sometimes defiant term.[34] PFLAG and GLAAD are two of the organizations that recommend only using it for people who self-identify as queer because it has varying meanings and is not universally accepted.[4][34] In addition, the term may be used in preference to other identifiers by members, for a variety of reasons.[49]

Questioning is a term used to describe individuals who are exploring, learning, or experimenting with sexual or romantic orientation, gender expression, and/or gender identity. It is often associated with youth and can describe both the person and the process.[50]

I: Intersex

Main article: Intersex

The I stands for intersex.[1] Intersex is an umbrella term for people who are born with or develop sex characteristics that differ from the binary notions of a "male" or "female" body. The dissimilarities between individuals in terms of their hormones, chromosomes, external and internal reproductive organs, or secondary sex characteristics are commonly referred to as variations. An individual's intersex traits may include variations in one or multiple of the aforementioned types. These variations can be noticed at birth or later in life.[51][52]


A: Asexual, Aromantic, Agender

Main articles: Asexual, Aromantic, and Agender

The A stands for multiple things.[1]

Asexual refers to people who do not experience sexual attraction toward others,[53] as well as people who experience limited or conditional sexual attraction[54] and relate to the label asexual more than other sexual identity terms.[53] They may experience other forms of attraction, such as romantic, sensual, or aesthetic attraction. Asexuality is a sexual orientation,[55] not a behavior, choice, or medical condition. Some asexual people choose to engage in sexual activities for various reasons despite not experiencing sexual feelings and desire toward any particular person.[53][54] Asexuality is part of the asexual spectrum (abbreviated "ace spectrum"), an umbrella term and a broad community of identities that are closely related to asexuality when placed on a spectrum ranging from asexual to allosexual.[53]

Aromantic, often shortened to aro, describes people who do not experience romantic attraction,[1][56] or experience little-to-no romantic attraction.[57] One of the meanings of the A in LGBTQIA+ is Aromantic.[1] Aromanticism is a romantic orientation and may involve forms of attraction that are not necessarily romantic, or interests in relationships that are intimate in other ways. There is no singular experience of aromanticism.[57]

The aromantic spectrum, also known as "aro-spec", ranges from aromantic to alloromantic, referring to people who regularly and consistently experience romantic attraction.[1] People within the aromantic spectrum are part of a community that has much in common. They may use the label aromantic as a close fit for their experiences or use other labels that further describe them.[57]

Agender, also known as genderless,[58][1][39] is a gender identity that has been defined multiple ways, including:[1]

Agender can be one of the A terms in the acronym LGBTQIA+, along with asexual and aromantic.[58][39] While the term agender is categorized under the transgender and/or non-binary umbrellas,[59] agender individuals may or may not consider themselves non-binary, transgender,[58][59] or any other term that implies having a gender rather than being without gender or being separate from the concept of gender.

Those who are agender do not need to transition physically, legally, or socially to be agender.[58][59] Agender individuals can have any type of gender expression and use any set of pronouns (including no pronouns),[60] and the term is not specific to any assigned gender at birth.[61] Some agender people are genderfluid, meaning their gender identity is not static and changes from being agender some of the time to being another gender at other times.[58] The concept of a person who has no gender may challenge the notion of sexuality as a spectrum of "same" and "opposite" gender attraction.[58]

2S: Two-Spirit

Main article: Two-Spirit

The 2S stands for Two-Spirit.[6] Two-Spirit refers to a strictly Native identity[62] that describes a person who identifies as having both a masculine and feminine spirit. It is an umbrella term used by some Indigenous people as a way to describe their sexual, gender, and/or spiritual identity.[63] Two-Spirit is all-encompassing of LGBTQIA+ identities.[62]

While some use the term specifically as it relates to the cultural roles of individuals who embody both spirits, Two-Spirit is also used to describe Aboriginal LGBTQIA+ people. It reflects traditionally Aboriginal gender diversity, including the fluid nature of gender, sexual identity, and other identities and how it connects with spirituality.[64]

Two-Spirit is also an ancient teaching among Indigenous people. According to Elders' teachings, some people were gifted by carrying two spirits; that of a male and female. These members had roles in their community that were not traditionally that of their assigned gender. For example, women engaged in tribal warfare, women married women, and men married other men. Two-Spirited people were revered in the community and respected as fundamental components of these cultures and societies.[64][65][66]

Plus

The + stands for all other members of the community.[1]


Flag

Gilbert Baker's designs

Gay flag Baker

An eight-stripe pride flag by Baker

The original pride flag was designed by Gilbert Baker for the 1978 San Francisco Gay Freedom Day celebration. It had eight colors: pink stood for sexuality, red for life, orange for healing, yellow for the sun, green for nature, turquoise for art, indigo for harmony, and violet for spirit.[67][68][69]

Gay flag seven stripe

A seven-stripe pride flag without pink

Due to a lack of fabric when the demand for pride flags soared after the assassination of gay San Francisco City Supervisor Harvey Milk on November 27, 1978, the pink color was removed and in years 1978 and 1979 a seven-stripe version of Baker's flag was used. This started with the Paramount Flag Company using fabric with seven stripes: red, orange, yellow, green, turquoise, blue, and violet; soon afterwards Gilbert Baker himself removed the pink color as well from his flag.[70]

Rainbow Flag1

A six-stripe pride flag without pink and turquoise

In 1979, Baker intended to decorate streetlamps with rainbow banners. To make the process easier, he decided to remove the turquoise color from the flag, so he could have a design with an even number of stripes flanking each lamp pole along the streets. His third and most famous version of the pride flag has six colors and is a widely used pride flag to this day. It has six stripes: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet.[70]

Gilbert Baker Lavender

A nine-stripe pride flag with a lavender stripe.

In 2017, Baker created one more version of his rainbow pride flag, shortly before his death. He brought back the pink and turquoise stripes, and added an additional lavender stripe to the top of the flag. The lavender stripe represents diversity.[71][72]

Philadelphia Pride Flag

Philadelphia Pride Flag

An eight-stripe pride flag with black and brown stripes at the top

In 2017, the Philadelphia's Office of LGBT Affairs led by civil rights activist Amber Hikes redesigned the flag to include two new stripes: black and brown. Those stripes were added to include and honor queer people of color. This flag is known as the Philadelphia Pride Flag or Philly Pride Flag.[73]

Progress Pride flags

Progress Pride Flag1

A six-stripe pride flag with a triangle to the left comprising of white, pink, blue, brown and black colors

In 2018, Daniel Quasar modified the Philadelphia Pride Flag and included the colors of the transgender pride flag, as well as expanded the meaning of the black stripe to represent those who are living with HIV and AIDS. The arrow-shaped hoist is meant to symbolize a progressive community that continues to evolve and move forward, and those colors are separated from the rest to emphasize what is currently important in the LGBTQIA+ climate and to recognize that those experiences must be put to the forefront by the wider community as we work toward progress. This flag is known as the Progress Pride Flag.[3][74][75]

However, not all people agree that this pride flag is more inclusive. Some trans individuals and people of color have expressed that they already felt included in the original pride flag, and that this new flag can lead to "othering" within the community.[76]

Sex Worker Inclusive Progress Flag

A six-stripe pride flag with a triangle to the left comprising of white, pink, blue, brown and black colors and a red umbrella placed at the top of the triangle

In 2020, Jason Domino, a sex-worker rights advocate, modified the Progress Pride Flag by adding the red umbrella symbol which is used by sex-workers to include them and honor those LGBTQIA+ rights activists who were also sex workers.[77]

LGBTI Flag

A six-stripe pride flag with a triangle to the left comprising of yellow with a purple circle, white, pink, blue, brown and black colors

In 2021, Valentino Vecchietti of Intersex Equality Rights UK adapted the Pride Progress flag design to incorporate the intersex flag, creating this Intersex-Inclusive Pride flag 2021.[78]

However, not all individuals within the Intersex community identity as queer. In some cases, they do not use the LGBT+ moniker when referring to themselves, but urge others to "be allies to the LGBTQ, disability, Indigenous, anti-racist, and women’s movements."[79]

Notes

  1. ↑ Examples of labels used to self-identify as both lesbian and bisexual include bisexual lesbian, bi-lesbian, and lesbian-identified bisexual.[20]
  2. ↑ While transgender people are generally implied in definitions, trans lesbians are explicitly noted here to make clear that lesbian identity is not limited to cisgender women.
  3. ↑ "Binary gender" refers to "man" or "woman".
  4. ↑ Non-binary is an umbrella term for genders that are not exclusively man or woman.

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 The ABC's of LGBT+ by Ash Hardell. Published 2016 by Mango Media. ISBN 9781633534087.
  2. ↑ "Definition of LGBTQIA" on Dictionary by Merriam-Webster. (Archived on 2022-01-21)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "LGBTQIA+" by The Trans Language Primer on The Trans Language Primer. (Archived on 2021-10-31)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "Glossary of Terms: LGBTQ" by GLAAD on GLAAD Media Reference Guide – 11th Edition. Published 2022. (Archived on 2024-04-11)
  5. ↑ "QUILTBAG" by The Trans Language Primer on The Trans Language Primer. (Archived on 2021-10-29)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Terms" on RISE: Respect, Inclusion, Safety, Equity. Published by The University of Winnipeg. (no backup information provided)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 "Glossary" by Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health Issues and Research Gaps and Opportunities in The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People: Building a Foundation for Better Understanding. Published 2011 by The National Academies Press. ISBN 9780309210621. Lesbian: "As an adjective, used to refer to female same-sex attraction and sexual behavior; as a noun, used as a sexual orientation identity label by women whose sexual attractions and behaviors are exclusively or mainly directed to other women." (web archive)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "List of LGBTQ+ terms" by Stonewall on <stonewall.org.uk>. Lesbian: "Refers to a woman who has a romantic and/or sexual orientation towards women. Some non-binary people may also identify with this term." (Archived on 2024-04-19)
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 The A-Z of Gender and Sexuality: From Ace to Ze by Morgan Lev Edward Holleb. Published 2019 by Jessica Kingsley Publishers. ISBN 9781784506636. Lesbian: "A woman who is sexually or romantically attracted to women. Lesbian can mean women who are attracted exclusively to other women, but it is also a broader term for women and femmes who are attracted to other women and femmes. This includes bisexual and pansexual women, asexual women who are romantically attracted to women, and non-binary people who identify with womanhood."
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 "'LGBTI' people and communities" on LGBTIQ+ Health Australia. Published 2019-06-28. "A lesbian is a person who self-describes as a woman and whose experiences of romantic, sexual, and/or affectional attraction solely or primarily to other people who self-describe as women. Some women use other language to describe their relationships and attractions." (Archived on 2021-04-20)
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Lesbian" on Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Lesbian: "(adj.) of, relating to, or characterized by sexual or romantic attraction to other women or between women" […] "(noun) a woman who is sexually or romantically attracted to other women : a gay woman" (Archived on 2021-12-03)
  12. ↑ The Queens' English: The LGBTQIA+ Dictionary of Lingo and Colloquial Phrases by Chloe O. Davis. Published 2021 by Clarkson Potter/Publishers. Lesbian: "adjective: As a woman, having a sexual and emotional attraction toward other women." [...] "noun: A lesbian woman." ISBN 9780593135006, ISBN 9780593135013 (Ebook)
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 "Chapter 1: LGBTQ 101" by Kelly Huegel Madrone in LGBTQ: The Survival Guide for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning Teens [Revised & Updated Third Edition]. Published 2020 by Free Spirit Publishing. LGBTQ Terminology: "L is for lesbian. Lesbians are women (cis or trans) who are physically and emotionally attracted to other women, often exclusively. The word lesbian has its origins with the Greek poet Sappho, who was born sometime between 630 and 612 BCE. For part of her life, Sappho lived on the island of Lesbos. Many of her poems were about same-sex love between women, and as a result, the island's name became synonymous with homosexual women. That's how the term lesbian was born." [...] "For some, identities such as lesbian or gay are fluid. For example, someone (like me) could identify as mostly lesbian, meaning I'm almost always attracted to women, but not exclusively. [...] How does this differ from bisexual? Some might say it's the same thing, but it's really up to the individual to decide what terminology best fits them." ISBN 9781631983030 (Web PDF), ISBN 9781631983047 (ePub), ISBN 9781631983023 (pbk.)
  14. ↑ Lesbian Voices From Latin America by Elena M. Martínez. Published 2017 by Routledge. ISBN 9781351817899. "In this book, the word 'lesbian' is used to refer to the representation of women who have erotic and sexual interest in each other and whose fundamental emotional connections are with other women. My definition coincides with the one proposed by Catherine R. Simpson and Charlotte Bunch, for whom both the erotic and sexual involvement of women is intrinsic to the definition of lesbianism."
  15. ↑ "Violence based on perceived or real sexual orientation and gender identity in Africa" by Coalition of African Lesbians on <pulp.up.ac.za> (PDF). Published 2013. "Lesbian: A woman who is emotionally, romantically, sexually and relationally attracted to other women." (Archived on 2022-02-15)
  16. ↑ "Our glossary" on ILGA-Europe. "Lesbian: A woman who is sexually and/or emotionally attracted to women." Also available in PDF format (Archived on 2024-04-06)
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 "Chapter 1: What Is Queer Adolescence?" by Charlie McNabb in Queer Adolescence: Understanding the Lives of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, and Asexual Youth. Published 2020 by Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781538132814. "Lesbians are women or woman-aligned people who are sexually or romantically attracted to other women or woman-aligned people. Some lesbians prefer to identify as gay or as gay women." [...] Woman-aligned: "nonbinary person who is partially aligned with the female gender."
  18. ↑ Queer Identities and Politics in Germany: A History, 1880–1945 by Clayton J. Whisnant. Published 2016 by Harrington Park Press. ISBN 9781939594105.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 "Introduction" in Lesbian Health: Current Assessment and Directions for the Future, with Andrea L. Solarz (editor). Published 1999 by The National Academies Press. Defining 'Lesbian': "There is no standard definition of lesbian. The term has been used to describe women who have sex with women, either exclusively or in addition to sex with men (i.e., behavior); women who self-identify as lesbian (i.e., identity); and women whose sexual preference is for women (i.e., desire or attraction)." […] "To the extent that lesbian is defined only by sexual activity with other women, bisexual women may then be included in the category of lesbian. If other definitions of lesbian are used, such as self-identification as lesbian or attraction to women, then a different group is identified that may or may not include women who self-identify as bisexual." (web archive)
  20. ↑ Closer to Home: Bisexuality & Feminism by Elizabeth Reba Weise. Published 1992 by Seal Press. (web archive)
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 "The Gay BC's of LGBT+: An Accompaniment to The ABC's of LGBT+" by Ash Hardell on <mango.bz> (e-book). Published 2017-11-09 by Mango Publishing Group. Lesbian: "This term is commonly used to refer to women who are attracted to other women. However, some non-binary and/or genderqueer people who feel a connection to womanhood and who are attracted to women, also identify with this term." (backup link not available)
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 "Lesbian" by The Trans Language Primer on The Trans Language Primer. "Lesbian: Someone, who can be transgender or cisgender, who generally considers themself to be a woman who is attracted to other women. This attraction does not have to be exclusively to women, though many are exclusively attracted to women. Being a lesbian is separate from the concept of gender, and so it is possible for a trans person to be both trans and lesbian. Also, it is generally understood that people who are trans and lesbian are attracted to people of the same broad category of gender, not necessarily of the same trans status." (Archived on 2021-10-22)
  23. ↑ "Not in our name" on DIVA. "DIVA, Curve, Autostraddle, LOTL, Tagg, Lez Spread The Word, DapperQ, GO Magazine and LezWatch.TV believe that trans women are women and that trans people belong in our community. We do not think supporting trans women erases our lesbian identities; rather we are enriched by trans friends and lovers, parents, children, colleagues and siblings." (Archived on 2024-03-19)
  24. ↑ "Transgender" by James Cromwell in Lesbian Histories and Cultures: An Encyclopedia, with Zimmerman, Bonnie (editor). Published 2000 by Garland Publishing. ISBN 0815319207. (web archive)
  25. ↑ "The Gender Closet: Lesbian Disappearance under the Sign 'Women'" by Cheshire Calhoun in Feminist Studies, vol. 21, no. 1. Published Spring 1995. (web archive)
  26. ↑ "[GC2021] Worldwide Raw Data - DO NOT EDIT" by Cassian on Gender Census (Google Sheets). (backup link not available)
  27. ↑ "[GC2022] Public spreadsheet of results (large - may take a few minutes to load)" by Cassian on Gender Census (Google Sheets). (backup link not available)
  28. ↑ "What is LGBTQ?" on The Center - The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Center. (no backup information provided)
  29. ↑ "LGBTQ+ Glossary of Terms" on Out Alliance. (no backup information provided)
  30. ↑ "National Glossary of Terms" by PFLAG on <pflag.org>. (Archived on 2022-01-25)
  31. ↑ "Why Is the Word "Homosexual" Considered to Be Offensive?" by Stollznow, Karen (Ph.D.) on Psychology Today. Published 2021-05-17. (no backup information provided)
  32. ↑ "Gay Definition" by Merriam-Webster Dictionary on <merriam-webster.com>. (no backup information provided)
  33. ↑ "National Glossary of Terms" by PFLAG on <pflag.org>. (Archived on 2022-01-25)
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 "National Glossary of Terms" by PFLAG on <pflag.org>. (Archived on 2024-02-20)
  35. ↑ "What Is Homosexuality?" on WebMD. (no backup information provided)
  36. ↑ "Why Is the Word "Homosexual" Considered to Be Offensive?" by Stollznow, Karen (Ph.D.) on Psychology Today. Published 2021-05-17. (no backup information provided)
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.5 37.6 "What is Bisexuality?" on Bi.org. Published by The American Institute of Bisexuality. (Archived on 2024-02-02)
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.3 "What is Bisexual?" by WebMD Editorial Contributors on WebMD. Medically reviewed 2023-07-07 by C. Nicole Swiner, MD (Archived on 2024-02-16)
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4 39.5 The Queens' English: The LGBTQIA+ Dictionary of Lingo and Colloquial Phrases by Chloe O. Davis. Published 2021 by Clarkson Potter/Publishers. ISBN 9780593135006, ISBN 9780593135013 (Ebook)
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 "What is Bisexuality?" on Bisexual Resource Center. (Archived on 2024-02-02)
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 "Understanding Bisexuality" on American Psychological Association. (no backup information provided)
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 "Glossary of Terms - Transgender" by GLAAD on GLAAD Media Reference Guide - 11th Edition. (Archived on 2024-04-09)
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 "Birth Assignment" by The Trans Language Primer on The Trans Language Primer. (Archived on 2021-11-01)
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 Nonbinary Gender Identities: History, Culture, Resources by McNabb, Charlie. Published 2018 by Rowman & Littlefield.
  45. ↑ "Dysphoria = Trans Hub" on <transhub.org.au>. Published 2021 by Trans Hub. (no backup information provided)
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 "Glossary of Terms - Lesbian / Gay / Bisexual / Queer" (original link down) by GLAAD on GLAAD Media Reference Guide - 10th Edition. (Archived on 2022-02-03)
  47. ↑ "Gender Census 2021: Worldwide Report" by Cassian on Gender Census. Published 2021-04-01. (Archived on 2021-11-21)
  48. ↑ "Queer" by The Trans Language Primer on The Trans Language Primer. (Archived on 2021-11-05)
  49. ↑ "Coming to an Asexual Identity: Negotiating Identity, Negotiating Desire" by Scherrer, Kristin on <ncbi.nlm.nih.gov>. Published October 1, 2008 by National Center for Biotechnology Information. (no backup information provided)
  50. ↑ "About the Q" by PFLAG on <pflag.org>. (Archived on 2024-01-07)
  51. ↑ "FAQ: What is intersex?" by interACT on <interactadvocates.org>. (Archived on 2024-04-01)
  52. ↑ "United Nations FACT SHEET Intersex" by United Nations for LGBT Equality on <unfe.org> (PDF). (no backup information provided)
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 "General FAQ" by The Asexual Visibility and Education Network (AVEN) on The Asexual Visibility and Education Network. (Archived on 2024-05-03)
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 "Asexual" by The Trans Language Primer on The Trans Language Primer. (Archived on 2021-10-28)
  55. ↑ "Overview" by The Asexual Visibility and Education Network (AVEN) on The Asexual Visibility and Education Network. (Archived on 2024-05-03)
  56. ↑ "Romantic Orientations" by Asexual Visibility and Education Network on The Asexual Visibility and Education Network. (Archived on 2021-12-04)
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 57.2 "About Aromanticism" on Aromantic Spectrum Awareness Week. (Archived on 2022-02-20)
  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 58.2 58.3 58.4 58.5 The A-Z of Gender and Sexuality: From Ace to Ze by Morgan Lev Edward Holleb. Published 2019 by Jessica Kingsley Publishers. ISBN 9781785923425 (paperback), ISBN 9781784506636 (eBook)
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 59.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named TLP: Agender
  60. ↑ "Pride Flags" by The Gender & Sexuality Resource Center on University of Northern Colorado. (no backup information provided)
  61. ↑ "What Does It Mean to Be Agender?" by Sian Ferguson on Healthline. Published 2021-01-20. (Archived on 2024-06-13)
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 "What it really means to identify as Two-Spirit in Indigenous culture" by John Garry on <matadornetwork.com>. Published 2020-08-21. (no backup information provided)
  63. ↑ "Two-Spirit Community" by Re:Searching For LGBTQ2S+ Health on <lgbtqhealth.ca>. (Archived on 2022-01-20)
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 "An Introduction to the Health of Two-Spirit People: Historical, contemporary and emergent issues" by Dr. Sarah Hunt on <nccih.ca>. Published May 2016. (no backup information provided)
  65. ↑ "2-Spirited People of the 1st Nations" by 2-Spirits on <2spirits.com>. (Archived on 2021-11-26)
  66. ↑ "Osh-Tisch The Warrior and the Crow Nation" by Making Queer History on <makingqueerhistory.com>. (Archived on 2022-01-25)
  67. ↑ LGBTQ PRIDE: Gilbert Baker, creator of rainbow flag, shares story of strength and pride
  68. ↑ How The Pride Rainbow Flag Came To Be
  69. ↑ Gilbert Baker - The Gay Betsy Ross
  70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 Unsung Heroes of the Gay World: Vexillographer Gilbert Baker
  71. ↑ "Rainbow (Lavender Update)" on Library.LGBT. (Archived on 2023-06-05)
  72. ↑ "Our Enduring LGBTQ Symbols" by Carney, Patrick on sfbaytimes.com. Published by San Francisco Bay Times. (Archived on 2022-06-14)
  73. ↑ The Philly Pride flag, explained
  74. ↑ What Do the Colors of the New Pride Flag Mean? Learn about meaning of the colors of the Progress Pride Flag
  75. ↑ Paper Mag: Inclusive Pride Flag Campaign Represents Those With HIV/AIDS and QPOC
  76. ↑ "Why I Dislike This Flag" by Shaaba. on <youtube.com>. Published May 26, 2020. (no backup information provided)
  77. ↑ This new pride flag aims to be the most inclusive ever
  78. ↑ Why I redesigned the Pride Progress flag to include intersex
  79. ↑ "Darlighton Statement" on <ihra.org.au>. Published March 10, 2017 by Intersex Human Rights Australia. "Line 49, "We call for intersex people, and the intersex human rights movement, to be allies to the LGBTQ, disability, Indigenous, anti-racist, and women’s movements."" (no backup information provided)
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